LOGAN-ROGERSVILLE SCIENCE CURRICULUM

High School – Anatomy and Physiology

 

COURSE DESCRIPTION

Anatomy and Physiology is an intensive senior-level course designed for students who are interested in a career in medicine or the health professions.  The course covers the anatomical structure of the human body and the fundamentals of human physiology.  Laboratory activities and the detailed dissection of the domestic cat will be utilized to enhance the course.

 

COURSE RATIONALE

The course provides a foundation for entry into a college-level biology or anatomy course.  Its purpose is to provide a detailed examination of the structure and function of the human body.  With this information students can make informed decisions about their health, hygiene, and the medical profession.

 

 

I.  Intro to A&P:

1.      Define Anatomy & Physiology, compare/contrast.

2.   List and describe the major characteristics of life.

3.      List and describe the major requirements of organisms.

4.      Investigate homeostasis by describing homeostatic mechanisms.

5.      Describe and explain the biological levels of organization

6.      Describe and explain the locations & functions of the major body cavities and the organs & membranes located therein.

7.      Describe the major organ systems including location, function, and organs associated with each.

8.      Properly use anatomical terminology associated with body positions, sections, and regions.

 

II. Cellular Biology

9.      Explain the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

10.  Describe the characteristics, function, and location of each of the cytoplasmic organelles.

11.  Describe the characteristics, function, and location of the cell membrane and how it is involved in transport.

12.  Describe the characteristics, function, and location of the nucleus.

13.  Describe and explain the mechanisms for transport of materials in and out of a cell.

14.  Describe and explain the cell cycle.

15.  Describe and explain the process, importance, and ramifications of mitosis.

 

III. Metabolism

16.  Define anabolism and catabolism

17.  Explain how enzymes control metabolic reactions

18.  Explain how cellular respiration releases chemical energy

19.  Explain how energy becomes available for cellular activities.

20.  Describe the general metabolic pathways of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.

21.  Explain how DNA and RNA store and carry genetic information.

22.  Explain how genetic information controls cellular processes

23.  Describe the DNA replication process

 

IV.  Tissues

24.  List and describe the 4 basic tissue types and provide examples of where each occurs in the body.

25.  Describe the general characteristics & functions of epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue.

26.  List and describe each of the types of epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue.  Include location, function, and basic characteristics for each

27.  Using histology slides, identify the types of epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue.

 

V.  Skeletal System

28.  Describe the general structure of a bone, & list the function of its parts.

29.  Distinguish between intramembranous and endochondral bones and explain the development of each.

30.  Explain the major functions of bones.

31.  Distinguish between the axial and appendicular skeletons and name the major parts of each.

32.  List the 3 classes of joints, describe each, and provide an example of each.

33.  List the 6 types of synovial joints, describe each, and provide an example of each.

34.  Explain how skeletal muscles produce movements, and identify several types of joint movements.

35.  Locate and identify the function of the major bones of the human body, including the prominent features of each through a laboratory study of real and simulated human bones.

 

VI.  Muscular System

36.  Describe how connective tissue is part of a skeletal muscle.

37.  Name the major parts of a skeletal muscle fiber and describe the function of each.

38.  Explain the major events of skeletal muscle contraction, including how the mechanism obtains energy.

39.  Explain the concept of oxygen debt and muscle fatigue.

40.  Compare and contrast the 3 types of muscle tissue.

41.  Locate and identify the function of the major muscles of the human body, through a complete laboratory dissection of a cat.

 

VII.  Nervous System

42.  Explain the general functions of the nervous system

43.  Describe the general structure of a neuron.

44.  Explain how the differences in structure and function are used to classify neurons.

45.  Describe the events that lead to the conduction of a nerve impulse.

46.  Explain how information passes from one neuron to another.

47.  Describe the general ways in which the nervous system processes information.

48.  Describe and explain the development of nervous system

49.  Describe the coverings of the brain and spinal cord.

50.  Name the major parts and functions of the brain.

51.  Distinguish among motor, sensory, and association areas of the cerebral cortex. 

52.  List and describe the major parts of the peripheral and autonomic nervous systems.

53.  Distinguish between the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system.

 

VIII.  Cardiovascular system

54.  Describe the general characteristics of blood and explain its major functions.

55.  Distinguish among the types of blood cells.

56.  Define homeostasis and explain the mechanisms that help to achieve it. 

57.  Describe and explain blood types.

58.  Identify the organs of the cardiovascular system and explain their functions.

59.  Name and describe the locations and functions of the major parts of the heart.

60.  Trace the pathway of the blood through the heart and the vessels of coronary circulation.

61.  Explain the cardiac cycle and how it is controlled.

62.  Identify the parts of a normal ECG/EKG pattern and explain the significance of this pattern.

63.  Compare the structures and function of the major types of blood vessels. 

64.  Explain how blood pressure is produced and controlled.

65.  Compare and contrast the pulmonary and systemic circuits of circulation.

66.  Identify risk behaviors for cardiovascular disease.

 

IX.  Respiratory System

67.  List the general functions of the respiratory system

68.  Name and describe the locations and functions of the organs of the respiratory system

69.  Explain and describe the mechanisms of inspiration and expiration.

70.  Name and define each of the lung volumes and respiratory capacities.

71.  Discuss how various factors affect the respiratory center.

72.  Describe the structure and function of the respiratory membrane.

73.  Explain how air and blood exchange gasses and how blood transports these gasses.

 

X.  Digestive System

74.  Describe the general functions of the digestive system

75.  Name and describe the locations, and major parts of the digestive system

76.  Describe the structure of the wall of the alimentary canal.

77.  Explain how the contents of the alimentary canal are mixed and moved.

78.  Describe the regulation of digestive enzymes and secretions.

79.  Describe the mechanism of swallowing

80.  Explain how the products of digestion are absorbed.

81.  Describe an adequate and healthy diet.

 

XI.  Misc Unit

82. Upon completion of the previous 10 units, PowerPoint presentations will be developed thoroughly describing the anatomy and physiology of the following remaining body systems.  The class is broken into groups of 3, each developing and presenting one of the following topics:

·        Integumentary System

·        Endocrine System

·        Reproductive System

·        Immune System

·        Diseases (including but not limited to Cancer, Alzheimers, Heart disease, etc)

 

 

 


Grade and/or Class:  Anatomy & Physiology

Last Revision:  2001-2002

Writer:  Andrew Kinslow

 

Strand:  Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology

Students will be able to

District Competency: 1.  Define and compare and contrast Anatomy & Physiology

Content

Standards

Performance

Standards

Activities

Assessments

SC 3

HP 1

HP 4

1.5, 1.6, 2.7

In large group discussion and lecture and through technology resources and homework assignments, students will define and compare and contrast Anatomy and Physiology.

 

Individually, students will define and compare and contrast Anatomy and Physiology.

 

Strand:  Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology

Students will be able to

District Competency: 2.  List and describe the major characteristics of life.

Content

Standards

Performance

Standards

Activities

Assessments

SC 3

HP 1

HP 4

1.5, 1.6, 2.7

In large group discussion and lecture and through technology resources and homework assignments, students will investigate the major characteristics of life.

Individually, students will list and describe the major characteristics of life.

 


Strand:  Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology

Students will be able to

District Competency: 3.  List and describe the major requirements of organisms.

Content

Standards

Performance

Standards

Activities

Assessments

SC 3

HP 1

HP 4

1.5, 2.7

In large group discussion and lecture and through technology resources and homework assignments, students will investigate the major requirements of organisms.

Individually, students will list and describe the major requirements of organisms.

 

Strand:  Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology

Students will be able to

District Competency: 4.  Investigate and describe homeostatic mechanisms.

 

Content

Standards

Performance

Standards

Activities

Assessments

SC 3

HP 1

HP 4

1.5, 2.7

In large group discussion and lecture and through technology resources and homework assignments, students will investigate homeostatic mechanisms.

Individually, students will describe homeostatic mechanisms based on investigation.

 

Strand:  Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology

Students will be able to

District Competency: 5.  Describe and explain the biological levels of organization.

Content

Standards

Performance

Standards

Activities

Assessments

SC 3

HP 1

HP 4

1.5, 2.7

In large group discussion and lecture and through technology resources and homework assignments, students will investigate biological levels of organization.

Individually, students will describe and explain the biological levels of organization based on investigation.

 


Strand:  Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology

Students will be able to

District Competency: 6.  Describe and explain the locations and functions of the major body cavities and the organisms and membranes located therein.

Content

Standards

Performance

Standards

Activities

Assessments

SC 3

HP 1

HP 4

1.5, 2.7

In large group discussion and lecture and through technology resources and homework assignments, students will investigate the locations and functions of the major body cavities and the organisms and membrane located therein.

Based on investigations, students will individually describe and explain the locations and functions of the major body cavities and the organisms and membranes located therein.

 

Strand:  Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology

Students will be able to

District Competency: 7.  Describe the major organ systems including location, function, and organs associated with each.

Content

Standards

Performance

Standards

Activities

Assessments

SC 3

HP 1

HP 4

1.5, 2.7

In large group discussion and lecture and through technology resources and homework assignments, students will investigate the locations and functions of the major body cavities and the organisms and membrane located therein.

Based on investigations, students will individually describe the locations and functions of the major body cavities and the organisms and membrane located therein.

 


Strand:  Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology

Students will be able to

District Competency: 8.  Properly use anatomical terminology associated with body  positions, sections, and regions.

Content

Standards

Performance

Standards

Activities

Assessments

SC 3

HP 1

HP 4

1.5, 2.7

In large group discussion and lecture and through technology resources and homework assignments, students will be introduced to and practice using proper anatomical terminology associated with body positions, sections, and regions.

Individually, students will properly use anatomical terminology associated with body positions, sections, and regions.

 


Strand:  Cellular Biology

Students will be able to

District Competency: 9.  Explain the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Content

Standards

Performance

Standards

Activities

Assessments

SC 3

HP 1

1.5, 1.6, 2.7

In large group lecture and discussion and through technology resources and homework assignments, students will investigate prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and the differences between them.

Individually students will explain the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

 

Strand:  Cellular Biology

Students will be able to

District Competency: 10.  Describe the characteristics, function, and location of each of the cytoplasmic organelles.

Content

Standards

Performance

Standards

Activities

Assessments

SC 3

HP 1

1.5, 2.7

In large group lecture and discussion and through technology resources and homework assignments, students will investigate the characteristics, function, and location of cytooplasmic organelles.

Individually, students will describe the characteristics, function, and location of each of the cytoplasmic  organelles.

 

Strand:  Cellular Biology

Students will be able to

District Competency: 11.  Describe the characteristics, function, and location of the cell membrane and how it is involved in transport.

Content

Standards

Performance

Standards

Activities

Assessments

SC 3

HP 1

1.5, 2.7

In large group lecture and discussion and through technology resources and homework assignments, students will investigate the characteristics, function, and location of the cell membrane and how it is involved in transport.

Individually, students will describe the characteristics, function, and location of the cell membrane and how it is involved in transport.

 

 

Strand:  Cellular Biology

Students will be able to

District Competency: 12.  Describe the characteristics, function, and location of the nucleus.

Content

Standards

Performance

Standards

Activities

Assessments

SC 3

HP 1

1.5, 2.7

In large group lecture and discussion and through technology resources and homework assignments, students will investigate the characteristics, function, and location of the nucleus.

Individually, students will describe the characteristics, function, and location of the nucleus.

 

Strand: Cellular Biology

Students will be able to

District Competency: 13.  Describe and explain the mechanisms for transport of materials in and out of a cell.

Content

Standards

Performance

Standards

Activities

Assessments

SC 3

HP 1

1.5, 2.7

In large group lecture and discussion and through technology resources and homework assignments, students will investigate the mechanisms for transport of materials in and out of a cell.

Individually, students will describe and explain the mechanisms for transport of materials in and out of a cell.

 

 

Strand:  Cellular Biology

Students will be able to

District Competency: 14.  Describe and explain the cell cycle.

Content

Standards

Performance

Standards

Activities

Assessments

SC 3

HP 1

1.5, 2.7

In large group lecture and discussion and through technology resources and homework assignments, students will investigate the cell cycle.

Individually, students will describe and explain the cell cycle.

 

 

Strand:  Cellular Biology

Students will be able to

District Competency: 15.  Describe and explain the process, importance, and ramifications of mitosis.

Content

Standards

Performance

Standards

Activities

Assessments

SC 3

HP 1

1.5, 2.7

In large group lecture and discussion and through technology resources and homework assignments, students will investigate the process, importance, and ramifications of mitosis.

Individually, students will describe and explain the process, importance, and ramifications of mitosis.

 

 


Strand:  Metabolism                           

Students will be able to

District Competency: 16. Define anabolism and catabolism.

Content

Standards

Performance

Standards

Activities

Assessments

SC 3

HP 1

1.5, 2.7